Coenobita Species

The common species of Land Hermit Crabs

Table Description:  Location of coenobita
Species Sp. notes Area Reference
C, carnescens  Dana  Eastern Polynesia, Marshall Islands   Alcock, 1905; Holthius, 1953 
C. brevimanus Dana  (= C.clypeata (Latrielle) and C. hilgendorfi (Terao)  From Zanzibar to Tahiti and the Tuamotu Islands, but not known from the East African mainland   Alcock, 1905; Holthius, 1953; Yaldwyn and Wodzicki, 1979; Lewinson, 1982 
C. cavipes   Stimpson  A widely distributed species from the mainland of East Africa to the East Indies and the Ryu Kyu Islands   Alcock, 1905; Barnard, 1950; Lewinsohn, 1982 
C. clypeatus  Herbst. This must not be confused with C. clypeata (Latrielle), which is a synonym of C. brevimanus.   From southern Florida to Venezuela, and the West Indian Islands Also Bermuda. The only species in the Western Atlantic.  Chace and Hobbs, 1969; Bright, 1966 
C. compressus  H. Milne edwards.   West coast of America from Mexico (Lower California) to Chile. Only species definitely known from American West Coast, and restricted to this coast. Records from the Indo-West Pacific are misidentifications  Bright, 1966; Ball, 1972; Holthius, 1954; Ball and Haig, 1974 
C. longitarsis  de Man.   Alcock (1905) gives the distribution as East Indes, and there seems to be no subsequent records  de Man. Alcock 
C. rubescens  Greeff  Found in West Africa on the islands of Sao Tome and Rolas (Rathbun, 1900). Appears to be the only species recorded for West Africa; records there of C. rugosus refer to this species  Rathbun, 1900 
C. rugosus  H. Milne edwards.   From the mainland coast of East Africa through the Indo-Pacific to Tahiti and the Tuamoto Islands. Records from West Coast of America almost certainly C. compressus  Holthius, 1953; Alexander, 1976; Yaldwyn and Wodzicki, 1979; Lewinsohn, 1982, Rathburn, 1900 
C. scaevola  Forskal  The only species in the Red Sea. (Lewinsohn, 1969). Found in the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Somalia, Pakistan (Lewinsohn, 1982)  Lewinsohn, 1969; Lewinsohn, 1982 
C. spinosa (C. variabilis)  H. Milne edwards.   Various Polynesian islands and the northern coast of Australia (from the various references listed in Gordan, 1956)  Gordon, 1956 
Reference: Burggren, W.W. and McMahon, B.R. 1988. Biology of the Land Crabs. Cambridge.
Table prepared by Vanessa Pike-Russell